6th+Period+Unit+5+Justin+and+Jason

__**Unit 5**__  **Created By:**   **Justin and Jason** media type="custom" key="15452798" width="240" height="240" align="center"

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Charles Darwin was an English naturalist. On December 27, 1831 Darwin went on a voyage on a ship called the HMS Beagle. The expidition on the Beagle lasted 5 years, though it was only planned to be 2 years. Darwin spent most of his time on land, so he could write  his book about geology. At the Galapagos Islands Darwin noticed that the finches had different beaks from island to island. This got him  curious, so he wanted to find out why there were major differences in the species. Later on his voyage he found out that the different finches had  different beak shapes because they ate different foods. This revolutionary discovery led to Darwin's theory of evolution. He realized that the birds  had 1 common ancestor and very slowly changed over the years so the birds were best suited for the environment.



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The fossil record is a way for scientists to determine how old a fossil is. Basically, if a scientist discovers a fossil they find out how deep it was in the earth. They then compare it to other fossil found around the same depth and that lets them know how old a fossil is. Fossils are imprints of dead organisms usually found in sedimentary rock. Sedimentary rock has layers of compressed rock. Between the layers is where fossils are found.

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In the 1950's, there was a man named Bernard Kettlewell. During the Industrial Revolution he noticed a change in the peppered moths that lived in Manchester. He decided to study why this was happening. There are 2 different types of peppered moths. Light and dark. During the Industrial Revolution the birch trees that the peppered moths live in turned darker because of soot. This made it easier for predators to spot light moths, instead of dark moths. This caused a rapid increase in the population of dark moths, when light moths used to be the primary moth. This is called 'Survival of the Fittest.' That means that only the most  well-adapted organisms survive and reproduce. Now, if you were to look for peppered moths in Manchester you would primarily see dark moths.

__**bibliography**__
 * 1) "The Scientists: Charles Darwin." //Blupete//. Web. 27 Apr. 2012. [].
 * 2) "Voki Home." //Voki Home//. Web. 01 May 2012. .
 * 3) //BBC News//. BBC. Web. 27 Apr. 2012. <[]>.
 * 4) ""Instant" Evolution Seen in Darwin's Finches, Study Says." //National Geographic//. National Geographic Society. Web. 01 May 2012. [].
 * 5) "AMAZING DARWIN'S FINCHES." //Travel-Travel-Travel.com- Fun, Excitement&Adventure//. Web. 01 May 2012. .
 * 6) "London's PepperedÂ Moths." //About.com Animals / Wildlife //. Web. 01 May 2012. .
 * 7) "Darwin's Finches & Natural Selection - Genetics and Evolution." //Darwin's Finches & Natural Selection //. Web. 01 May 2012. .
 * 8) "Examining the Fossil Record." //Fossil Record //. Web. 03 May 2012. .